2023-08-28 カロリンスカ研究所(KI)
◆LADAは1型糖尿病と同様にインスリン産生細胞に対する自己免疫反応が特徴で、成人期に進行するが進行が遅い点や2型糖尿病との類似点もあります。適切な抗体検査を行わないと誤診される可能性もあり、実際には2型糖尿病とされるケースの一部はLADAだったとの報告もあります。この結果から、正確な診断と血糖コントロールのモニタリングが重要であり、必要に応じて治療を適切に調整することで合併症リスクを低減できると強調されています。
<関連情報>
- https://news.ki.se/need-for-improved-treatment-in-autoimmune-diabetes-in-adults
- https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/doi/10.2337/dc23-0739/153537/All-Cause-Mortality-and-Cardiovascular-and
成人の潜在性自己免疫糖尿病における全死亡率と心血管および微小血管疾患
All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular and Microvascular Diseases in Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults
Yuxia Wei;Katharina Herzog;Emma Ahlqvist;Tomas Andersson;Thomas Nyström;Yiqiang Zhan;Tiinamaija Tuomi;Sofia Carlsson
Diabetes Care Published:August 28 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.2337/dc23-0739
OBJECTIVE
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a heterogenous, slowly progressing autoimmune diabetes. We aim to contribute new knowledge on the long-term prognosis of LADA with varying degrees of autoimmunity by comparing it to type 2 diabetes and adult-onset type 1 diabetes.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This Swedish population-based study included newly diagnosed LADA (n = 550, stratified into LADAlow and LADAhigh by median autoimmunity level), type 2 diabetes (n = 2,001), adult-onset type 1 diabetes (n = 1,573), and control subjects without diabetes (n = 2,355) in 2007–2019. Register linkages provided information on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and clinical characteristics during follow-up.
RESULTS
Mortality was higher in LADA (hazard ratio [HR] 1.44; 95% CI 1.03, 2.02), type 1 (2.31 [1.75, 3.05]), and type 2 diabetes (1.31 [1.03, 1.67]) than in control subjects. CVD incidence was elevated in LADAhigh (HR 1.67; 95% CI 1.04, 2.69) and type 2 diabetes (1.53 [1.17, 2.00]), but not in LADAlow or type 1 diabetes. Incidence of retinopathy but not nephropathy was higher in LADA (HR 2.25; 95% CI 1.64, 3.09), including LADAhigh and LADAlow than in type 2 diabetes (unavailable in type 1 diabetes). More favorable blood pressure and lipid profiles, but higher HbA1c levels, were seen in LADA than type 2 diabetes at baseline and throughout follow-up, especially in LADAhigh, which resembled type 1 diabetes in this respect.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite having fewer metabolic risk factors than type 2 diabetes, LADA has equal to higher risks of death, CVD, and retinopathy. Poorer glycemic control, particularly in LADAhigh, highlights the need for improved LADA management.