広範囲のHIV変異に対応する中和抗体を誘導するワクチン戦略（Vaccine strategy induces broadly neutralising HIV antibodies）

2026-04-29 カロリンスカ研究所（KI）

＜関連情報＞

• https://news.ki.se/vaccine-strategy-induces-broadly-neutralising-hiv-antibodies-0
• https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10429-3

ワクチン接種により、HIV Envの先端部に対する広範な交差中和抗体が生成される Vaccination generates broadly cross-neutralizing antibodies to the HIV Env apex

Javier Guenaga,Monika Ádori,Shridhar Bale,Swastik Phulera,Ioannis Zygouras,Fabian-Alexander Schleich,Xaquin Castro Dopico,Sashank Agrawal,Miyo Ota,Richard Wilson,Jocelyn Cluff,Tamar Dzvelaia,Marco Mandolesi,Wen-Hsin Lee,Agnes A. Walsh,Mariane B. Melo,Laurent Verkoczy,Darrell J. Irvine,Martin Corcoran,Ian A. Wilson,Diane Carnathan,Guido Silvestri,Andrew B. Ward,Gabriel Ozorowski,… Richard T. Wyatt
Nature  Published:29 April 2026
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10429-3

Abstract

As a chronically replicating virus, HIV has evolved extreme sequence variability and effective shielding of functionally constrained spike protein determinants by host-derived glycans¹. Broadly neutralizing antibodies, although rare, can be isolated from people living with HIV, revealing conserved envelope glycoprotein (Env) sites as key targets for vaccine development^2,3,4. One such target is the apex of the Env spike. Here we identify a vaccination strategy using heterologous HIV Env trimers covalently coupled to liposomes for multivalent display that resulted in the elicitation of cross-neutralizing HIV serum antibody responses in all trimer-liposome-immunized non-human primates. Critically, we isolated monoclonal antibodies from multiple macaques that cross-neutralize divergent HIV clinical isolates. High-resolution cryogenic electron microscopy structural analyses of monoclonal antibodies from four different macaques demonstrate that they target the Env trimer apex in a manner highly similar to that of the human-infection-elicited, apex-directed broadly neutralizing antibody PG9, representing a substantial advance in HIV vaccine development.