2026-11-04 カロリンスカ研究所（KI）
カロリンスカ研究所の研究チームは、2型糖尿病、心疾患、脳卒中などの心血管・代謝疾患を持つ人において、良好な睡眠習慣が脳の健康と関連することを明らかにした。研究では、英国バイオバンクに登録された40万人以上の中高年者のデータを分析し、そのうち約5万4,000人が少なくとも1つの心血管・代謝疾患を有していた。睡眠時間、概日リズム、不眠、いびき、日中の眠気の5項目から睡眠状態を評価し、認知機能検査および脳MRIデータと比較した。その結果、睡眠状態が良好な患者は、認知機能、問題解決能力、情報処理速度の検査成績がやや高く、脳全体の容積や灰白質・白質の容積も大きかった。睡眠と脳構造との関連は、これらの疾患を持たない人よりも患者で顕著だった。良好な睡眠が疾患に伴う認知機能低下や脳の変化を緩和する可能性を示す成果である。ただし、観察研究であり、睡眠改善による因果的な効果を証明したものではない。
＜関連情報＞
- https://news.ki.se/good-sleep-linked-to-better-brain-health-in-cardiometabolic-disease
- https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.126.051940
健康的な睡眠は、心血管代謝疾患と認知機能および脳の健康状態の悪化との関連性を軽減する Healthy Sleep Mitigates the Association Between Cardiometabolic Disease and Poorer Cognitive and Brain Health
Yuyang Miao, PhD, Livia Fingerson, BSc, Elise Walters, Kathryn DaSilva, BSc, Mariam Militonyan, BSc, Aleksandra Koycheva, MSc, Sakura Sakakibara, MSc, Charlotte Sørensen, PhD, Shireen Sindi, PhD, and Abigail Dove, PhD
Journal of the American Heart Association Published: 4 November 2026
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.126.051940
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke, are important risk factors for dementia. We examined whether healthy sleep can support cognitive and brain health in people with CMDs.
The study included data from 408 977 adults from the UK Biobank. CMDs were defined using medical records, medication use, and medical history. Sleep patterns were defined using a composite score incorporating sleep duration, chronotype, insomnia symptoms, snoring, and daytime sleepiness. A subsample (n=34 913) underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging; volumes of total brain, gray matter, white matter, hippocampus, and white matter hyperintensities were ascertained. Associations of joint CMD (yes/no) and sleep (healthy, intermediate, poor) status with global and domain‐specific cognitive scores and brain magnetic resonance imaging measures were examined using linear regression models.
At baseline, 54017 (13.2%) participants had at least one CMD. In joint exposure analysis, performance in global cognition (β=0.02 [95% CI, 0.01–0.05]), verbal/numeric reasoning (β=0.07 [95% CI, 0.01–0.12]), and processing speed (β=0.07 [95% CI, 0.04–0.10]) was significantly higher among individuals with CMDs and a healthy sleep pattern, compared with those with CMDs and a poor sleep pattern. Similarly, in neuroimaging analyses, participants with CMDs and a healthy versus poor sleep pattern showed significantly larger total brain volume (β=0.22 [95% CI, 0.08–0.35]), gray matter volume (β=0.23 [95% CI, 0.09–0.36]), and white matter volume (β=0.19 [95% CI, 0.05–0.33]).
Healthy sleep may attenuate the associations of CMDs with poorer cognitive performance and markers of brain atrophy. The findings highlight sleep as a modifiable factor that may support cognitive and brain health in individuals with CMDs.
