2023-06-26 スウェーデン王立工科大学(KTH)
◆これは、脳が感覚入力について情報を最大化しようとするという従来の考えとは矛盾しています。生物は生存のために迅速に感覚入力を推測する必要があり、速度と正確さのトレードオフが脳の神経回路の配線に既に存在している可能性があります。脳はすべての情報を同じ方法で同じ精度で符号化するわけではなく、速度と正確さのバランスを取りながら処理を行っていると考えられます。
<関連情報>
- https://www.kth.se/en/om/nyheter/centrala-nyheter/in-sensory-perception-brain-makes-trade-offs-between-accuracy-and-speed-1.1264723
- https://elifesciences.org/articles/84531
単一のピークを持つ同調曲線は、精度よりも速度のために調整されるのか? Are single-peaked tuning curves tuned for speed rather than accuracy?
Movitz Lenninger,Mikael Skoglund,Pawel Andrzej Herman,Arvind Kumar
eLife Published:May 16, 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.84531
Abstract
According to the efficient coding hypothesis, sensory neurons are adapted to provide maximal information about the environment, given some biophysical constraints. In early visual areas, stimulus-induced modulations of neural activity (or tunings) are predominantly single-peaked. However, periodic tuning, as exhibited by grid cells, has been linked to a significant increase in decoding performance. Does this imply that the tuning curves in early visual areas are sub-optimal? We argue that the time scale at which neurons encode information is imperative to understand the advantages of single-peaked and periodic tuning curves, respectively. Here, we show that the possibility of catastrophic (large) errors creates a trade-off between decoding time and decoding ability. We investigate how decoding time and stimulus dimensionality affect the optimal shape of tuning curves for removing catastrophic errors. In particular, we focus on the spatial periods of the tuning curves for a class of circular tuning curves. We show an overall trend for minimal decoding time to increase with increasing Fisher information, implying a trade-off between accuracy and speed. This trade-off is reinforced whenever the stimulus dimensionality is high, or there is ongoing activity. Thus, given constraints on processing speed, we present normative arguments for the existence of the single-peaked tuning organization observed in early visual areas.
