樹木の被覆、身体活動で効果が強まる、UCI主導の研究で判明 Tree coverage, physical activity intensify effect, UCI-led study finds
2023-03-06 カリフォルニア大学校アーバイン校(UCI)
この研究は、米国南カリフォルニアに住む41万5千人の女性を対象に行われた。通り沿いの緑地の視野が広い地域に住む女性は、公園の近くに住む女性よりも産後うつ病のリスクが低かったという。また、妊娠中の身体活動量が増えることが、緑地と産後うつ病のリスク低減の仲介因子になる可能性があることも分かった。
研究者たちは、この結果を受け、都市計画者や公衆衛生専門家と協力して、緑地面積を増やす政策や介入策を開発する必要があると指摘している。
<関連情報>
- https://news.uci.edu/2023/03/06/exposure-to-green-space-linked-to-reduced-risk-of-postpartum-depression/
- https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanam/article/PIIS2667-193X(23)00036-4/fulltext
都市緑地と産後うつ病との関連、および身体活動の役割:南カリフォルニアにおけるレトロスペクティブ・コホートスタディ Association between urban green space and postpartum depression, and the role of physical activity: a retrospective cohort study in Southern California
Yi Sun,John Molitor,Tarik Benmarhnia,Chantal Avila,Vicki Chiu,Jeff Slezak,David A. Sacks,Jiu-Chiuan Chen,Darios Getahun,Jun Wu
The Lancet Regional Health – Americas Published:March 06, 2023 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2023.100462
Summary
Background
Little research exists regarding the relationships between green space and postpartum depression (PPD). We aimed to investigate the relationships between PPD and green space exposure, and the mediating role of physical activity (PA).
Methods
Clinical data were obtained from Kaiser Permanente Southern California electronic health records in 2008–2018. PPD ascertainment was based on both diagnostic codes and prescription medications. Maternal residential green space exposures were assessed using street view-based measures and vegetation types (i.e., street tree, low-lying vegetation, and grass), satellite-based measures [i.e., Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), land-cover green space, and tree canopy cover], and proximity to the nearest park. Multilevel logistic regression was applied to estimate the association between green space and PPD. A causal mediation analysis was performed to estimate the proportion mediated by PA during pregnancy in the total effects of green space on PPD.
Findings
In total, we included 415,020 participants (30.2 ± 5.8 years) with 43,399 (10.5%) PPD cases. Hispanic mothers accounted for about half of the total population. A reduced risk for PPD was associated with total green space exposure based on street-view measure [500 m buffer, adjusted odds ratio (OR) per interquartile range: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97–0.99], but not NDVI, land-cover greenness, or proximity to a park. Compared to other types of green space, tree coverage showed stronger protective effects (500 m buffer, OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97–0.99). The proportions of mediation effects attributable to PA during pregnancy ranged from 2.7% to 7.2% across green space indicators.
Interpretation
Street view-based green space and tree coverage were associated with a decreased risk of PPD. The observed association was primarily due to increased tree coverage, rather than low-lying vegetation or grass. Increased PA was a plausible pathway linking green space to lower risk for PPD.
Funding
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS; R01ES030353).
