器用な心臓カテーテル用の無毒性で可変剛性の糸(Nontoxic, variable-stiffness threads for dexterous cardiac catheters)

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2022-03-21 スイス連邦工科大学ローザンヌ校(EPFL)
・EPFLとETHのエンジニアは、手術中に柔らかい状態と硬い状態の間を移行できる、無毒の糸でできた可変剛性カテーテルを開発しました。これにより、不整脈の治療など、低侵襲な外科手術がより簡便かつ効果的に行えるようになる可能性があります。
・既存の臨床用磁気カテーテルは、一度に一方向にしか曲がることができず、望ましい器用さを備えていません。手術中に柔軟性と硬さを調整できるカテーテルを試作した。
・試作機は、遠隔磁気航法用に設計されています。カテーテルの先端には小型の磁石が搭載されており、外部磁場によって体内を移動することができる。
・個々のセグメントを選択的に柔らかくしたり硬くしたりすることで、カテーテルはナビゲーション中に体によりよく適応し、必要なときに望ましい湾曲を維持することができます。

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Nontoxic, variable-stiffness threads for dexterous cardiac catheters
Engineers at EPFL and ETH developed a variable stiffness catheter made of nontoxic threads that can transition between s...
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低侵襲手術のための導電性相変化ポリマー製可変剛性磁気カテーテル
A Variable Stiffness Magnetic Catheter Made of a Conductive Phase-Change Polymer for Minimally Invasive Surgery

Yegor Piskarev,Jun Shintake,Christophe Chautems,Jonas Lussi,Quentin Boehler,Bradley J. Nelson,Dario Floreano

First published: 06 February 2022

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器用な心臓カテーテル用の無毒性で可変剛性の糸(Nontoxic, variable-stiffness threads for dexterous cardiac catheters)

Abstract:Variable stiffness (VS) is an important feature that significantly enhances the dexterity of magnetic catheters used in minimally invasive surgeries. Existing magnetic catheters with VS consist of sensors, heaters, and tubular structures filled with low melting point alloys, which have a large stiffness change ratio but are toxic to humans. In this paper, a VS magnetic catheter is described for minimally invasive surgery; the catheter is based on a novel variable stiffness thread (VST), which is made of a conductive shape memory polymer (CSMP). The CSMP is nontoxic and simultaneously serves as a heater, a temperature sensor, and a VS substrate. The VST is made through a new scalable fabrication process, which consists of a dipping technique that enables the fabrication of threads with the desired electrical resistance and thickness (with a step size of 70 µm). Selective bending of a multisegmented VST catheter with a diameter of 2.0 mm under an external magnetic field of 20 mT is demonstrated. Compared to existing proof-of-concept VS catheters for cardiac ablation, each integrated VST segment has the lowest wall thickness of 0.75 mm and an outer diameter of 2.0 mm. The segment bends up to 51° and exhibits a stiffness change factor of 21.

医療・健康
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