サボテンの生態・進化データベースが保全に貢献(Cactus catalogue could help plant’s prickly problem)

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2026-03-25 バース大学

バース大学の研究では、サボテンのトゲの構造と進化的多様性を体系的に整理した「カクタス・カタログ」を構築し、植物が乾燥環境に適応する仕組みを解明した。トゲは防御だけでなく、水分保持や日射制御など多機能を持つことが示され、形状や配置の違いが環境適応と密接に関連していることが判明。これにより、乾燥耐性作物の開発や気候変動への適応戦略に応用可能な知見が得られた。植物の形態進化と機能の関係を統合的に理解する新たな基盤となる研究である。

サボテンの生態・進化データベースが保全に貢献(Cactus catalogue could help plant’s prickly problem)
Cacti can survive in the harshest environments, and yet almost a third of species are threatened with extinction. (Credit: Vladimir Muravin)

<関連情報>

CactEcoDB:サボテン科植物の形質、空間、環境、系統発生、および多様化に関するデータ CactEcoDB: Trait, spatial, environmental, phylogenetic and diversification data for the cactus family

Jamie B. Thompson,Catherine Martinez,Jorge Avaria-Llautureo,Santiago Ramírez-Barahona,Gerardo Manzanarez-Villasana,Alastair Culham,Andrew Gdaniec,George Ryan,Chris Venditti,Georgia Keeling & Nicholas K. Priest
Scientific Data  Published:07 March 2026
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-06936-7  Unedited version

Abstract

Integrated datasets linking traits, spatial distributions, environmental variables and phylogenies are essential for comparative research, but remain limited for many plant taxa, including those which are most threatened. Cactaceae are a morphologically and ecologically diverse succulent family that are iconic components of ecosystems across the Americas, and face high extinction risk. To support future comparative research, we present CactEcoDB (The Cactus Ecological Database), an Open Access dataset of curated spatial, ecological, trait, phylogenetic, and diversification data for over 1,000 cactus species. CactEcoDB includes species-level trait data, geographic occurrence records, environmental variables, range size estimates, speciation rates, and the largest time-calibrated phylogeny of cacti to date. By integrating these diverse data in a single and accessible platform, CactEcoDB is intended as a community resource for ecological, evolutionary, biogeographic, and conservation-focussed studies involving cacti, one of the most celebrated yet threatened plant families.

細胞遺伝子工学
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