2023-08-03 カリフォルニア大学リバーサイド校(UCR)
◆研究により、グレーモールドが分泌する脂質の「泡」が重要な役割を果たしており、病原体と宿主の間での通信に利用されていることがわかりました。これを利用して、新しいRNA殺菌剤が開発される可能性があります。このRNA殺菌剤は環境にやさしく、有害な残留物を残さないため、農作物の保護に有効な手段となると期待されています。グレーモールドは世界の食糧作物にとって大きな問題であり、この新しい方法によりより効果的に対処できる見通しが立っています。
<関連情報>
- https://news.ucr.edu/articles/2023/08/03/path-defeating-crop-killing-gray-mold-without-toxins
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-40093-4
真菌の低分子RNAは細胞外小胞に入り、クラスリンを介したエンドサイトーシスにより植物細胞に侵入する Fungal small RNAs ride in extracellular vesicles to enter plant cells through clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Baoye He,Huan Wang,Guosheng Liu,Angela Chen,Alejandra Calvo,Qiang Cai & Hailing Jin
Nature Communications Published:20 July 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-40093-4
Abstract
Small RNAs (sRNAs) of the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea can enter plant cells and hijack host Argonaute protein 1 (AGO1) to silence host immunity genes. However, the mechanism by which these fungal sRNAs are secreted and enter host cells remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that B. cinerea utilizes extracellular vesicles (EVs) to secrete Bc-sRNAs, which are then internalized by plant cells through clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). The B. cinerea tetraspanin protein, Punchless 1 (BcPLS1), serves as an EV biomarker and plays an essential role in fungal pathogenicity. We observe numerous Arabidopsis clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) around B. cinerea infection sites and the colocalization of B. cinerea EV marker BcPLS1 and Arabidopsis CLATHRIN LIGHT CHAIN 1, one of the core components of CCV. Meanwhile, BcPLS1 and the B. cinerea-secreted sRNAs are detected in purified CCVs after infection. Arabidopsis knockout mutants and inducible dominant-negative mutants of key components of the CME pathway exhibit increased resistance to B. cinerea infection. Furthermore, Bc-sRNA loading into Arabidopsis AGO1 and host target gene suppression are attenuated in those CME mutants. Together, our results demonstrate that fungi secrete sRNAs via EVs, which then enter host plant cells mainly through CME.
