2026-06-25 マウントサイナイ医療システム（MSHS）
＜関連情報＞
- https://www.mountsinai.org/about/newsroom/2026/mount-sinai-scientists-develop-first-fully-human-monoclonal-antibody-cocktail-that-protects-against-nipah-and-hendra-viruses
- https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scitranslmed.adw8573
ヘニパウイルス融合タンパク質および受容体結合タンパク質を標的とするヒトモノクローナル抗体のカクテルは、種間中和効果をもたらす A cocktail of human mAbs targeting the henipavirus fusion and receptor binding proteins provides cross-species neutralization
Axel A. Guzmán-Solís, Mohamed Ouizougun-Oubari, Olivier Escaffre, Brendan B. Larsen, […] , and Benhur Lee
Science Translational Medicine Published:10 Jun 2026
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.adw8573
Editor’s summary
Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) are zoonotic pathogens with high mortality rates in humans and other mammals. There are currently no approved human vaccines or therapeutics for those infected with these deadly pathogens. Here, Guzmán-Solís et al. vaccinated humanized mice with the fusion protein (F) and receptor binding protein (RBP) of NiV with the goal of isolating monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), targeting these two essential viral proteins. The authors found that two mAbs, 8G3 and 2A1, which targeted the RBP and F proteins, respectively, could work in concert to neutralize virus and limit the potential for immune escape. This translated into protection against NiV infection in a lethal hamster model. These data support further clinical development of this mAb cocktail for these highly pathogenic zoonotic viruses. —Courtney Malo
Abstract
The Nipah and Hendra viruses (NiV and HeV, respectively) are highly pathogenic, with case fatality rates of 40 to 75%, representing substantial public health threats. Although one monoclonal antibody (mAb), mAb102.4, has advanced through phase 1 clinical trials, there remains a critical need for approved therapeutic options against these henipaviruses (HNVs). Development of human mAbs has been constrained by limited access to convalescent patient samples. Here, we describe human mAbs derived from transgenic humanized mice that cross-neutralize extant NiV and HeV strains by binding to their fusion protein (F) or receptor binding protein (RBP). Deep mutational scanning and functional studies demonstrated that the anti-RBP mAb (8G3) targets the receptor binding site and requires multiple simultaneous mutations for escape. Sequence analysis of our anti-F mAbs identified a clonally expanded VH3-33 family with evidence of somatic hypermutation, yielding high-affinity antibodies. Cryo–electron microscopy revealed that our most potent F antibody (2A1) recognizes a conserved quaternary epitope spanning two protomers in trimeric prefusion NiV-F and stabilized, rather than displaced, a key glycan shield, distinguishing it from previously described antibodies targeting this region. The 8G3 and 2A1 mAbs exhibited additive neutralization when combined and provided complete protection against lethal NiV challenge in hamsters when administered individually or as a cocktail, even when treatment was delayed. Using a pseudovirus system, we show that this dual-targeting approach was resilient against a suite of escape mutants compared with monotherapy. Our findings establish a candidate therapeutic strategy that minimizes development of resistance, providing a foundation for next-generation countermeasures against emerging HNVs.
